Almaty vs. Nur-Sultan: Which City Should You Visit in Kazakhstan?

Planning your first trip to Kazakhstan and not sure whether to visit Almaty or Nur-Sultan (recently renamed back from Astana)? You’re not alone. These two cities could not be more different—one sits at the base of majestic mountains, the other rises from the vast northern steppe like a sci-fi movie set. Each has its own vibe, its own rhythm, and its own reasons to win your heart.

So, which one is right for you? Let’s break it down.

Almaty: Culture, Nature, and Charm

Almaty is the kind of city you fall in love with slowly. Tucked into the foothills of the Tien Shan mountains, it’s Kazakhstan’s largest city and cultural soul—even though it’s no longer the capital. What makes Almaty special is the mix of relaxed urban life and stunning nature literally minutes away.

Why You’ll Love Almaty:

• Mountains on your doorstep: You can have breakfast in a café and be skiing or hiking by lunch. Shymbulak Ski Resort, Kok-Tobe Hill, and Big Almaty Lake are all close by.
• Vibrant street life: Trendy coffee shops, art galleries, and bustling local markets like Green Bazaar give Almaty a creative and youthful edge.
• Mild climate: Winters are cold but manageable, while spring and autumn are gorgeous. Even in summer, the mountain breeze helps beat the heat.

If you love the idea of mixing city life with nature adventures, check out our full list of Top 10 Must-Visit Places in Kazakhstan for First-Time Travelers to see why Almaty often steals the show.

Nur-Sultan (Astana): Futuristic, Sleek, and Political Powerhouse

Now, let’s talk about Nur-Sultan. Known for its striking skyline and bold architecture, Kazakhstan’s capital feels like stepping into the future. This is a city that was built to impress—from its glittering government buildings to the iconic Bayterek Tower and Khan Shatyr, a shopping mall shaped like a giant tent.

Why You’ll Love Nur-Sultan:

• Architectural eye-candy: The buildings here are unlike anything you’ll see elsewhere in Central Asia. Nur-Sultan is all about glass, steel, and space-age designs.
• Modern infrastructure: Clean, organized, and purposefully designed, the city is a model of order and ambition.
• Cultural institutions: Museums like the National Museum of Kazakhstan and Nur Alem Pavilion showcase the country’s past and its future goals.

If you’re visiting in the colder months, be ready for some serious chill. Winters in Nur-Sultan can be brutal, but the city stays active indoors with events, cozy cafes, and heated walkways.

For tips on what season suits each city best, check out our guide on the Best Time to Visit Kazakhstan: Weather, Festivals & Travel Tips

How They Compare (Quick Snapshot)

So, Which City Should You Choose?

Pick Almaty if:

• You want a more laid-back trip with access to nature
• You enjoy a creative, café-filled city atmosphere
• You’re into hiking, skiing, or photography

Pick Nur-Sultan if:

• You’re interested in Kazakhstan’s politics, architecture, or future plans
• You like crisp, modern cities with a sense of order
• You don’t mind (or even enjoy) cold winters and big skies

Final Thoughts

Truth be told, both cities deserve a spot on your Kazakhstan itinerary. If you can swing it, start in one and fly (or train) to the other—you’ll get a sense of how dynamic and diverse this country really is.

Whether you fall for Almaty’s leafy streets or Nur-Sultan’s shiny towers, one thing’s for sure: Kazakhstan is full of surprises, and these two cities are just the beginning.